Means for making hollow metal articles.



' PATENTED JAN. 1, 1907. E. SCHUMAGHER & J. H. TYSON.

MEANS FOR MAKING HGLLOW METAL ARTICLES. ArrLIoATIoN FILED PEB. 2s. 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 840,091. PATENTED JAN. 1, 1907.

E. SCHUMACHER & J. H. TYSON. MEANS FOR MAKING HOLLOW METAL ARTICILES.`

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. un si -l v L Q Z\\\%W//lv Em 'I I .ww/ d I 5 I .lk A A I y A\\/Q\Wl i UNITED `STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EBERHARD SCHUMACHER AND JOHN H. TYSON, OF DAR-LINGTON,

ENGLAND.

MEANS F-OR MAKING HOLLOW METAL RTILES.

Specification of Letters Patent. Application ned February 2s, 1905. semina 247,718.

Patented Jan. 1, 1907.

- To all whomit may concern:

Be it known that we, EBERHARD SCHU- MAcHEn,V engineer, a resident of 124 Westmoreland street, and JOHN HonGsoN TYsoN, companys secretary,a resident of 42 Victoria Embankment, Darlington, in the' county of Durham, England, subjects of the f King ofl Great Britain, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Means for Making Hollow Metal Articles, of which the K following is a specification.

Our inventionv contemplates primarily means for producing-hollow metal articles comprising `a die, a'punch fitted to and cen tered in said die, and a changeable nipple inserted centrally into said punch. y

Our inventionfurth'er contemplates means for forming hollow metal articles byeXternal and internal pressure comprising a die for thebody of `the article, a punch fitted to and centered within said die for forming the head or end of the article, and a central nipple information of a cask, barrel, or drum from the cup-shaped blank shown in Fig. 1, a-

punch and nipple being used which will bend the upper portion of the blank inwardly, leaving a large opening. Fig. 5 is a similar view showing the second.- step, in which a punch ofanother form and a nipple ofsmaller diameter are used for drawing the upper portion of the yblank more 'closely together. Fig. Gis a similar view showing the third step in the operation, in which a` punch of another form is used, :the nipple being of the same diameter as in Fig. 5. f Fig.- 7 `is a similar 'view showing the fourth step'in the opera` tion, in which another form o cylindrical extension, another'form of punch, and a Dipple of still smaller diameter are used; and Fig.v 8 isa similar v'iew showing the inalstep in the operation., `inwhich a nipple is provided `with a hole therethrough an the punch is shaped properly to form the head of the cask, barrel, or drum.

The object of this invention is to provide means for producing a hollow article-f-such as a cask, barrel, or drum-+from a disk of metal without any seam or joint and with only a small hole in one end; but the invention may also be used to produce a hollow article with ends integral from a cylinder of metal. In this case there will necessarily be a hole at each end.

When operating ona disk ojmetal, the disk is iirst subjected to pressure in any wellvknown manner to produce a cup-shaped ipiece, at which point the present invention commences, the special feature of the invention being to closey in the Yopen mouth of thiscup, so as to form the head of the cask, barrel, or drum. When operating on a cylinder, (which will have been previously produced in any convenient manner and forms no part of the present invention,) the same kind of closing-in apparatus will be used ,for both ends. y v

The various stages of the closing in of the end or ends Will be effected by external pres-x sure, althoughwe may in4 some cases'find it desirable to'use internal pressure by means of hydraulic power to assist in giving the inal form to the article it is desired to produce. When formi'n the cup-piece above mentioned, we may dit convenient to produce at the same timethe chime at the bottom.

The cup-shaped piece for producing a cask or barrel is shown at Fig. 1, while'that for a drums ishown at Fig. 2. In making a cask from a cylinder (shown at Fig. 3) the. bulge will alsobe produced by the external pressure employed to close in the ends, the dies being soV shaped as to permit of the Ybulge being produced.` In this case bottom punches,

the -counterpart of the top punchean'i'ay be used to close theptwol ends s1multaneously,jor

one end may be closed in irstand then the l other end by a single set of punches. Y -Y The formation of the head of. he cask, barrel, ordrum in the case of the cup-shaped piece, or, in other words, the closingmf the mouth 'of the cup, is effected by a series ofoperations, the iirst of which is illustrated-at Fig. 4. In vthis iigure, a represente the die to receive the lower partof theicup. b is theI die for the central portion of the article, and` roo' I that it will not present any @cured inthe press. [O

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:to that 'of the mouth of the cup rate atv the center of the caski' it is made of comparatively shallow depth, so impediment to the withdrawal of the part formed article from the die at each stage of7 the operations. This part of the die is, however,l formed with acyhndrical extension'c, which will receive an V.center the punch d, and is also formed with a flange by which the part may be sei Similar parts will be use d for the next two operations, as illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6. l.

' In the operations illustrated by Figs. 7 and 8 corresponding parts are slightly modified in shapethat is to say, the part b is lengthcned to correspond to the top half of the article, as shown, so that the parts al and b sepa- `In Figs.`.4, 5, and 6 the punch dis formed with al recess, the shape of which varies from mere or less dome shape to more or less con# ical shape, or vice versa, the depth alsovarying. Centrally of this recess issecured a proj eeting ieee, which'may be termed a nipple e vand-fw 'ch has a most important function to- L 'erform in the closing-in operations. As will le'seen at Fig. 4, 'the yrecess is more or less dome-shaped-that is'to say, the mouth of the recess willhave a diameter about equal and the walls will .curve rimd to the bottom of the rec'ess.` y The wall of the cup will thus graduallya's the punch descendsbe -curved lor, it

might be said, drawn inward 4until the top reaches the angle produced at the meeting- 3 point of the walls of the recessand the pe riphery ofthe nipple and when it can. getno farther the 'walls will by the further descent of the punch be forced outward, so as to 'take the contour of the mold or die, 'and thus form I.Fthe bul e. .'AtFig'. 4 the diameter of the nipt i to secure by Letters Patent, isfple is s o'wn as being com aratively large, and. the opening at the top o the cup willf also be large.,

' oft For. the next fperation the diameter of the nippile is reduce to ene-half, while thedepth ye recess in the die, Fig. 5 -is increased, the curve ofthe walls being slightl flattened, so that the recess will partake o -a more or less conical shape. As`theresult of these c anges in the dimensions of the recess the actlonvof the punch willreduce thesize 'of' the openm` at 'the to while the len th of the sides o the part y-formed artic e will be v li htly increased to provide the requisite ,55

e th o f metal-to form the head of thecask or when folded in. This folding in is yshow'n'in Fig. .8. Under'ordina'ry commenced at 6, where the' recess in the punch is again rounded or widened out or made more dome-shaped, and the delixtliviius reduced so that the action of the punc be to flatten down the-metal at the top, the

nipple e, which will be of the same diameter same time commencing tolform the chime. f In this instance the diameter of the nip leis again reduced to about one-half, which a lows for'the drawing in of'the metal to close up the opening to a further extent; In this instance the punch is not recessed to thel extent before shown, but the strikin -faceis formed` with undulations, which wil giv'e to 7, 'is to further flatten down 'the head, at the v the articlejthe'desired .form-preparato to y the nal stamping, which isfillustrate at Fig. 8. In thls-case thenip le will be the same sizczas in the last,'s'o t at no further drawingin of the metal can take' place, Awhile .,'the'punch has a flat face, which flatten down farther the head 'of the cask, 'and this flattening will have the effect of closinginthe the formation 'of the chime at the head. It is at this stage that we may find it :desirable pressure, .and for this purpose the die is'p1"ovided with a central passage conveniently connected with the power-supply, which passage' is continued through the nipple, as 01mm' stances the external pressurewill, we belieye,

be suflicient forV the purpose we have inview.

What we claim as our invention, and desire -As a' means for fcrminga cask or harte] shapedl article, -a forming' mechanism con- Vsistmg of a die conforming to the closed body of such article and a punch shaped to con-v fornmto'the head thereof and having a rotruding nipple-to enga' 'e the fm'etal and crm an aperture in the hea as set forth.

In testimony whereof we have, signed our leo names to this specicationin the presence of p two subscribin witnesses. v A

EB RHARD SHUMACHER JOHN H. TYSON. Witnesses:l

vHormon WESTGABTHE Woqrmi, WILLIAM Grimm. f- 

